Integrated Risk Identification, Analysis, and Assessment: A Dynamic Household Economy Analysis Methodology and Example

Bob Alexander; Linda J. Cox; Junko Mochizuki

doi:10.1007/s13753-013-0009-7

Article Contents

Article Navigation > International Journal of Disaster Risk Science > 2013 > 4(2): 77-88

Bob Alexander, Linda J. Cox, Junko Mochizuki. Integrated Risk Identification, Analysis, and Assessment: A Dynamic Household Economy Analysis Methodology and Example[J]. International Journal of Disaster Risk Science, 2013, 4(2): 77-88. doi: 10.1007/s13753-013-0009-7

Citation:

Bob Alexander, Linda J. Cox, Junko Mochizuki. Integrated Risk Identification, Analysis, and Assessment: A Dynamic Household Economy Analysis Methodology and Example[J]. International Journal of Disaster Risk Science, 2013, 4(2): 77-88. doi: 10.1007/s13753-013-0009-7

Citation:

PDF

Integrated Risk Identification, Analysis, and Assessment: A Dynamic Household Economy Analysis Methodology and Example

doi: 10.1007/s13753-013-0009-7

1 Rural Livelihood Risk Management Consulting, P. O. Box 1251, Honolulu, HI 96807, USA;
2 Department of Natural Resource and Environmental Management, University of Hawai`i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA

Available Online: 2021-04-26

Abstract

Abstract

Many methodologies identify, analyze, and assess static risks to quantify potential disaster losses based on past and current events. Static methodologies will not, however, capture how climate change and adaptation are rapidly affecting the natural and social systems in many areas. Local and global changes such as those associated with development investments, livelihood pressures, political stability, and demographic trends are also affecting many areas, especially in emerging economies. Risk identification, analysis, and assessment methodologies must integrate all changes dynamically so that risk reduction and development decisions can be based on future needs. After a theoretical explanation of how to integrate dynamic changes, a static Household Economy Analysis (HEA) completed for a rapidly changing area of East Timor was altered using current trends to make the analysis more dynamic. Some inherent difficulties exist with a more dynamic approach and recommendations for overcoming them are presented. Research, government, and nongovernment personnel interested in integrated approaches to risk reduction and development decision-making in areas subject to rapid change will find the study useful.
- Household Economy Analysis,
- integrated risk analysis,
- integrated risk assessment,
- vulnerability reduction

FullText(HTML)

References(48)

References

Alexander, B. 2004. Technological Change, Product Change, and Risks. Proceedings of the Workshop Training for Improving Agricultural Decision-Making in Timor Leste. July 26-30 and August 3-4, 2004. Dili, Timor Leste:Government of Timor Leste Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries.

Alexander, B., C. S. Bahnipati, and M. A. Rahman. 2010. Practical Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation Assessment Methods. In Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation:Case Studies from South and Southeast Asia, UNU-EHS Source 14/2010, edited by N. Setiadi, J. Birkmann, and P. Buckle, 62-76. Bonn:UNU-EHS Source Publication.

Alexander, B., and J. Mercer. 2012. Eight Components of Integrated Community Based Risk Reduction:A Risk Identification Application in the Maldives. Asian Journal of Environment and Disaster Management (4) 1:533-548.

Arumugam, V. 2008. Sri Lanka:Livelihood Assistance to the Poorest Tsunami Affected Households in Sri Lanka Pre-Intervention Individual Household Economy Survey Results. Save the Children Sri Lanka. Final Report. 22 September 2008.

Arumugam, V. 2010. Sri Lanka:Livelihood Assistance to the Poorest Tsunami Affected Households in Sri Lanka Post-Intervention Individual Household Economy Survey Results. Save the Children Sri Lanka. Final Report. 29 May 2010.

Birkmann, J., ed. 2006. Measuring Vulnerability to Natural Hazard:Towards Disaster Resilient Societies. Tokyo:UNU Press.

Birkmann, J., and B. Wisner. 2006. Measuring the Un-Measurable, The Challenge of Vulnerability. Bonn,:UNU-EHS.

Boudreau, T. 1998. The Food Economy Approach:A Framework for Understanding Rural Livelihoods. Relief and Rehabilitation Network Paper #26. London:Overseas Development Institute.

Collinson, S., M. Bhatia, M. Evans, R. Fanthorpe, J. Goodhand, and S. Jackson. 2002. Politically Informed Humanitarian Programming:Using a Political Economy Approach. Humanitarian Practice Network, Network Paper. London, Overseas Development Institute.

Cronin, S. J., D. R. Gaylord, D. Charley, B. V. Alloway, S. Wallez, and J. W. Esau. 2004. Participatory Methods of Incorporating Scientific with Traditional Knowledge for Volcanic Hazard Management on Ambae Island, Vanuatu. Bulletin of Volcanology 66(7):652-668.

Daly, M., P. Namouta, F. Nelson, and J. Kohlhase. 2010. Reducing the Climate Vulnerability of Coastal Communities in Samoa. Journal of International Development 22(2):265-281.

Diop, A., and O. Faye. 2012. Senegal Scenario Analysis 2011-2012:Two Rural Livelihood Zones Assessed Using the Household Economy Approach (HEA). London:Save the Children UK.

FEG Consulting (The Food Economy Group), and Save the Children. 2009. The Practitioners' Guide to the Household Economy Approach. Johannesburg:Regional Hunger and Vulnerability Program.

FEG Consulting (The Food Economy Group). 2012a. Social Protection/Poverty Case Study Singida, Tanzania. http://www.feg-consulting.com/core_issues/social/case-study-singida-tanzania-1/.

FEG Consulting (The Food Economy Group). 2012b. HWEA Information Sheet-Growth Lars:Household Water Economy Assessment (HWEA). http://www.feg-consulting.com/spotlight/INFORMATION_SHEET_HWEA_rfs.pdf.

FEWS-NET (Famine Early Warning Systems Network). 2011. Executive Brief Niger December 9, 2011-Household Economy Approach (HEA) Outcome Analysis:Ouallam Cropping/Herding with High Work Outmigration Livelihood Zone. http://www.fews.net/docs/Publications/Niger_Ouallam_2011_12_en.pdf.

Frankenberger, T. 1996. Measuring Household Livelihood Security:An Approach for Reducing Absolute Poverty. Food Forum 24, Washington, DC:Food Aid Management.

FSNAU-Somalia. 2011. Livelihood Baseline Analysis Addun Pastoral. July 4, 2011, Technical Series Report No VI. 38. Food Security and Nutrition Analysis Unit-Somalia.

Guluma, Y. 2003. Household Economy Analysis of the Rural Population of the Plateaux Zone, Masisi, North Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo. Save the Children UK DRC Programme. http://www.kongokinshasa.de/dokumente/ngo/sc-bwitorep-jan03.pdf.

IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). 2012. Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.

Jaspars, S., and J. Shoham. 2002. A Critical Review of Approaches to Assessing and Monitoring Livelihoods in Situations of Chronic Conflict and Political Instability. London:Overseas Development Institute.

Kelman, I. 2010. Hearing Local Voices from Small Island Developing States for Climate Change. Local Environment 15(7):605-619.

Kelman, I., and J. C. Gaillard. 2010. Embedding Climate Change Adaptation within Disaster Risk Reduction. In Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction:Issues and Challenges, edited by R. Shaw, J. M. Pulhin, and J. J. Pereira, 23-46. Bedfordshire:Emerald Books.

King, A. 2012. Mauritania Scenario Analysis 2011-12:Five Livelihood Zones Assessed Using the Household Economy Approach (HEA), Food Economy Group (FEG). http://www.hea-sahel.org/documents/Outcomes-analysis//OUTCA-MR-2011-2012-Report-EN.pdf.

Kirono, D. 2010. Climate Change in Timor Leste-A Brief Overview on Future Climate Projections. Aspendale:CSIRO National Research Flagships.

Larsen, S. C. 2006. The Future's Past:Politics of Time and Territory Among Dakelh First Nations in British Columbia. Geografiska Annaler Series B 88(3):311-321.

Louis, R. P. 2007. Can You Hear Us Now? Voices from the Margin:Using Indigenous Methodologies in Geographic Research. Geographical Research 45(2):130-139.

Majid, N., and S. McDowell. 2012. Hidden Dimensions of the Somalia Famine. Global Food Security 1(1):36-42.

McEntire, D. A. 2004. Development, Disasters and Vulnerability:A Discussion of Divergent Theories and the Need for Their Integration. Disaster Prevention and Management 13(3):193-198.

Mercer, J. 2010. Disaster Risk Reduction or Climate Change Adaptation:Are We Reinventing the Wheel? Journal of International Development Policy 22(2):247-264.

Mercer, J., I. Kelman, L. Taranis, and S. Suchet-Pearson. 2010. Framework for Integrating Indigenous and Scientific Knowledge for Disaster Risk Reduction. Disasters 34(1):214-239.

Mitchell, T. 2003. An Operational Framework for Mainstreaming Disaster Risk Reduction. Benfield Hazard Research Centre Disaster Studies Working Paper 8. http://www.undp.org.cu/crmi/docs/bhrcdrrmainstrfrwk-td-2003-en.pdf.

Molyneux, N., G. Da Cruz, R. Williams, R. Andersen, and N. Turner. 2012. Climate Change and Population Growth in Timor Leste:Implications for Food Security. Ambio 41(8):823-840.

Okoth, J. 2011. Karamoja Food Security Seasonal Assessment:06/11/2011-28/11/2011. FAO Uganda. http://www.disasterriskreduction.net/east-central-africa-old/events/detail/en/c/93824/.

Rethman, C. 2012. SADC Regional Vulnerability Assessment and Analysis Programme. Personal communication in a research meeting, 13 July 2012.

RTF-URR (Asian Regional Task Force on Urban Risk Reduction), UNISDR, and Kyoto University. 2010. A Guide for Implementing the Hyogo Framework for Action by Local Stakeholders. http://www.preventionweb.net/files/13101_ImplementingtheHFA.pdf.

Schmuck-Widmann, H. 2001. Facing the Jamuna River:Indigenous and Engineering Knowledge in Bangladesh. Dhaka:Bangladesh Resource Centre for Indigenous Knowledge.

Seaman, J. 2000. Making Exchange Entitlements Operational:The Food Economy Approach to Famine Prediction and the RiskMap Computer Program. Disasters 24(2):133-152.

Stephen, L., and T. Downing. 2001. Getting the Scale Right:A Comparison of Analytical Methods for Vulnerability Assessment and Household-level Targeting. Disasters 25(2):113-135.

Sundnes, K., and M. Birnbaum. 2003. Health Disaster Management Guidelines for Evaluation and Research in the Utstein Style. Volume 1:Conceptual Framework of Disasters. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 17(3):1-168.

Tran, P., and R. Shaw. 2007. Towards an Integrated Approach of Disaster and Environmental Management:A Case Study of Thua Thien Hue Province in Central Vietnam. Environmental Hazards 7(4):271-282.

Turner, B. L., R. E. Kasperson, P. A. Matson, J. J. McCarthy, R. W. Corell, L. Christensen, N. Eckley, et al. 2003. A Framework for Vulnerability Analysis in Sustainability Science. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 100(14):8074-8079.

Venton, C., C. Fitzgibbon, T. Shitarek, L. Coulter, and O. Dooley. 2012. The Economics of Early Response and Disaster Resilience:Evidence from Kenya and Ethiopia. https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/67330/Econ-Ear-Rec-Res-Full-Report_20.pdf.

WFP/UNHCR (World Food Programme/United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees). 1997. WFP/UNHCR Guidelines for Estimating Food and Nutritional Needs in an Emergency. Geneva:World Food Programme.

White, G. F., R. W. Kates, and I. Burton. 2001. Knowing Better and Losing Even More:The Use of Knowledge in Hazards Management. Global Environmental Change Part B:Environmental Hazards 3(3-4):81-92.

Wisner, B., P. Blaikie, T. Cannon, and I. Davis. 2004. At Risk:Natural Hazards, People's Vulnerability, and Disasters, 2nd ed. London:Routledge.

Wisner, B., J. C. Gaillard, and I. Kelman. 2012. Framing Disaster:Theories and Stories Seeking to Understand Hazards, Vulnerability and Risk. In:Handbook of Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction, edited by B. Wisner, J. C. Gaillard, and I. Kelman, 18-33. Abingdon:Routledge.

World Bank. 2010. Timor Leste:Raising Agricultural Productivity:Issues and Options:A Policy Note. http://rural-development.tl/library/finish/4-02-technical-documents/28-productivity-technicalnote-1-irrigation-2009/0.

Relative Articles

Supplements(0)

Cited By

Proportional views