Long-Term and Immediate Impacts of Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management (Health-EDRM) Education Interventions in a Rural Chinese Earthquake-Prone Transitional Village

Emily Ying Yang Chan; Janice Ying-en Ho; Zhe Huang; Jean Hee Kim; Holly Ching Yu Lam; Phoebe Pui Wun Chung; Carol Ka Po Wong; Sida Liu; Sharon Chow

doi:10.1007/s13753-018-0186-5

Article Contents

Article Navigation > International Journal of Disaster Risk Science > 2018 > 9(3): 319-330

Emily Ying Yang Chan, Janice Ying-en Ho, Zhe Huang, Jean Hee Kim, Holly Ching Yu Lam, Phoebe Pui Wun Chung, Carol Ka Po Wong, Sida Liu, Sharon Chow. Long-Term and Immediate Impacts of Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management (Health-EDRM) Education Interventions in a Rural Chinese Earthquake-Prone Transitional Village[J]. International Journal of Disaster Risk Science, 2018, 9(3): 319-330. doi: 10.1007/s13753-018-0186-5

Citation:

Emily Ying Yang Chan, Janice Ying-en Ho, Zhe Huang, Jean Hee Kim, Holly Ching Yu Lam, Phoebe Pui Wun Chung, Carol Ka Po Wong, Sida Liu, Sharon Chow. Long-Term and Immediate Impacts of Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management (Health-EDRM) Education Interventions in a Rural Chinese Earthquake-Prone Transitional Village[J]. International Journal of Disaster Risk Science, 2018, 9(3): 319-330. doi: 10.1007/s13753-018-0186-5

Citation:

Emily Ying Yang Chan, Janice Ying-en Ho, Zhe Huang, Jean Hee Kim, Holly Ching Yu Lam, Phoebe Pui Wun Chung, Carol Ka Po Wong, Sida Liu, Sharon Chow. Long-Term and Immediate Impacts of Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management (Health-EDRM) Education Interventions in a Rural Chinese Earthquake-Prone Transitional Village[J]. International Journal of Disaster Risk Science, 2018, 9(3): 319-330. doi: 10.1007/s13753-018-0186-5

PDF

Long-Term and Immediate Impacts of Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management (Health-EDRM) Education Interventions in a Rural Chinese Earthquake-Prone Transitional Village

doi: 10.1007/s13753-018-0186-5

1 Collaborating Centre for Oxford University and CUHK for Disaster and Medical Humanitarian Response(CCOUC), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
2 Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3;
7 BN, UK;
3 The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
4 François-Xavier Bagnoud Center for Health & Human Rights, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02138, USA;
5 Integrated Research on Disaster Risk(IRDR) International Centre of Excellence-CCOUC(ICoE-CCOUC), Hong Kong, China;
6 Wu Zhi Qiao(Bridge to China) Charitable Foundation, Hong Kong, China

Funds:

The authors would like to thank the 2018 EMHP-CCOUC team for their help and facilitation in the data collection process. Members of the team included Dr. Tony K.C. Yung, Dr. Joyce M.S. Leung, Eric S.K. Yau, Kelvin W.K. Ling, Cherry L.Y. Lin, Terry Wong, Zhuqing Chang, Gloria K.W. Chan, Asta Man, Evan Shang, Ada Fong, Regan Tam, Kaffee Mok, Sarah Chan, Dr. Kevin Hung, Dr. Eliza Cheung, Poyi Lee, Professor Edward Ng, Dr. Qifu Dai, Dr. Wan Li, Jie Ma, and all the CCOUC field volunteers and student teams across the different stages of the Jinsha River project development and the various data collection efforts from 2009 to 2018. This study also builds on the work of a number of previous research theses and reports written by Hale Ho, Dr. Cecilia Choi, John Lee, and Ada Fong. Special acknowledgment is expressed to the Wu Zhi Qiao Foundation for all their support and facilitation in establishing this program. Most important of all, the authors and the program teams are grateful to all the Ma’an Qiao villagers who supported and participated in the program and its various evaluation attempts throughout the years. This study was funded by the CCOUC Disaster and Medical Research Fund, the School of Public Health and Primary Care Research Fund, the Wu Zhi Qiao Charitable Foundation, the Lee Hysan Foundation, I·CARE, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, and Jockey Club Disaster Preparedness and Response Institute.

Available Online: 2021-04-26

Abstract

Abstract

Ma’an Qiao Village, a Dai and Yi ethnic minority-based community in Sichuan Province, China sustained complete infrastructure devastation during the 2008 Panzhihua earthquake. Health emergency and disaster risk management (Health-EDRM) education intervention programs were implemented in 2010 and 2011. This serial cross-sectional survey study aimed to examine the immediate and long-term impacts of the Health-EDRM interventions in this remote rural community. The findings demonstrate knowledge improvement in areas of water and sanitation, food and nutrition, and disaster preparedness immediately after the Health-EDRM education interventions. Temporal stability of knowledge retention was observed in household hygiene and waste management and smoking beliefs in 2018, 7 years after the interventions. Other important findings include knowledge uptake pattern differences of oral rehydration solution (ORS) between earthquake-prone and flood-prone communities. Usage of Internet and mobile technology for accessing disaster-related information was found to be independent of gender and income. Overall, this study demonstrated the knowledge improvement through Health-EDRM education interventions in a remote rural community. Promoting behavioral changes through interventions to raise awareness has the potential to reduce health risks in transitional post-disaster settings. Future programs should aim to identify evidence-based practices and explore how technology can support Health-EDRM education among vulnerable subgroups.
- Earthquake,
- Transitional community,
- Disaster preparedness kit,
- Disaster risk reduction,
- Health emergency and disaster risk management,
- Rural China,
- Sichuan

FullText(HTML)

References(58)

References

CCOUC (Collaborating Centre for Oxford University and CUHK for Disaster and Medical Humanitarian Response). 2009. CCOUC center report: Health needs assessment post 2008 Panzhihua earthquake. Hong Kong: CCOUC.

CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). 2014. Guidelines for the management of acute diarrhea after a disaster. https://www.cdc.gov/disasters/disease/diarrheaguidelines.html. Accessed 14 Feb 2018.

Chan, E.Y.Y. 2013. Bottom-up disaster resilience. Nature Geoscience 6(5): 327–328.

Chan, E.Y.Y. 2017. Public health humanitarian responses to natural disasters. London: Routledge.

Chan, E.Y.Y. 2018. Building bottom-up health and disaster risk reduction programmes. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Chan, E.Y.Y., and V. Murray. 2017. What are the health research needs for the Sendai Framework? The Lancet 390(10106): e35–e36.

Chan, E.Y.Y., C. Guo, P.Y. Lee, S.D. Liu, and C.K.M. Mark. 2017. Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management (Health-EDRM) in remote ethnic minority areas of rural China: The case of a flood-prone village in Sichuan. International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 8(2): 156–163.

Chan, E.Y.Y., Z. Huang, C.K.M. Mark, and C. Guo. 2017. Weather information acquisition and health significance during extreme cold weather in a subtropical city: a cross-sectional survey in Hong Kong. International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 8(2): 134–144.

Chan, E.Y.Y., J. H. Kim, C. Lin, E.Y.L. Cheung, and P.P.Y. Lee. 2014. Is previous disaster experience a good predictor for disaster preparedness in extreme poverty households in remote Muslim minority based community in China? Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health 16(3): 466–472.

Chan, K.W. 2010. The global financial crisis and migrant workers in China: ‘there is no future as a labourer; returning to the village has no meaning’. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 34(3): 659–677.

Du, F., H. Kobayashi, K. Okazaki, and C. Ochiai. 2016. Research on the disaster coping capability of a historical village in a mountainous area of China: case study in Shangli, Sichuan. Procedia—Social and Behavioral Sciences 218: 118–130.

Google. 2014. Ma’an Qiao Village. https://www.google.com.hk/maps/place/Ma’an+Bridge/@27.0746073,100.1798928,7.5z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x36dbd854dd757e87:0xe692c9a2cabe6272!8m2!3d26.137857!4d102.116191?hl=en. Accessed 14 Feb 2018.

Han, Z., X. Lu, E. I. Hörhager, and J. Yan. 2017. The effects of trust in government on earthquake survivors’ risk perception and preparedness in China. Natural Hazards 86(1): 437–452.

Han, Z., H. Wang, Q. Du, and Y. Zeng. 2017. Natural hazards preparedness in Taiwan: A comparison between households with and without disabled members. Health Security 15(6): 575–581.

Hong, Y. 2016. Integrated urban–rural development. In The China path to economic transition and development, ed. Y. Hong, 151–169. Singapore: Springer.

Howard, G., C. Bogh, G. Goldstein, J. Morgan, A. Prüss, R. Shaw, and J. Teuton. 2002. Healthy villages: A guide for communities and community health workers. http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/42456/1/9241545534.pdf. Accessed 9 May 2018.

Huang, S., X. Hu, H. Chen, D. Xie, X. Gan, Y. Wu, S. Nie, and J. Wu. 2011. The positive effect of an intervention program on the hypertension knowledge and lifestyles of rural residents over the age of 35 years in an area of China. Hypertension Research 34(4): 503–508.

IBM Corporation. 2012. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 21.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.

IFRC (International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies). 2008. Information bulletin—China: Eearthquake in Sichuan and Yunnan. http://www.sinoptic.ch/textes/communiques/2008/20080902_CNeq_Sichuan_Yunnan.pdf. Accessed 15 Feb 2018.

Jin, X., Y. Sun, F. Jiang, J. Ma, C. Morgan, and X. Shen. 2007. “Care for development” intervention in rural China: a prospective follow-up study. Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics 28(3): 213–218.

Kahle, D., and H. Wickham. 2013. ggmap: spatial visualization with ggplot2. The R Journal 5(1): 144–161.

Keim, M. E. 2008. Building human resilience: The role of public health preparedness and response as an adaptation to climate change. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 35(5): 508–516.

Kelman, I. 2013. Disaster mitigation is cost effective. Washington, DC: World Bank.

Laaidi, K., A. Economopoulou, V. Wagner, M. Pascal, P. Empereur-Bissonnet, A. Verrier, and P. Beaudeau. 2013. Cold spells and health: prevention and warning. Public Health 127(5): 492–499.

Lo, S.T.T., E.Y.Y. Chan, G.K.W. Chan, V. Murray, A. Ardalan, and J. Abrahams. 2017. Health Emergency and Disaster Management (H-EDRM): developing the research field within the Sendai Framework paradigm. International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 8(2): 145–149.

Long, Q., T. Zhang, L. Xu, S. Tang, and E. Hemminki. 2010. Utilisation of maternal health care in western rural China under a new rural health insurance system (New Co-operative Medical System). Tropical Medicine & International Health 15(10): 1210–1217.

Lu, M., and Y. Xia. 2016. Migration in the People’s Republic of China. ADBI working paper 593. Tokyo: Asian Development Bank Institute.

Moghazy, A.M., O.A. Adly, M.A. Elbadawy, and R.E. Hashem. 2016. Evaluation of who [sic; WHO] oral rehydration solution (ORS) and salt tablets in resuscitating adult patients with burns covering more than 15% of total body surface area (TBSA). Annals of Burns and Fire Disasters 29(1): 43–47.

Munos, M.K., C.L.F. Walker, and R.E. Black. 2010. The effect of oral rehydration solution and recommended home fluids on diarrhoea mortality. International Journal of Epidemiology 39(Suppl 1): i75–i87.

National Bureau of Statistics of China. 2010. 2010 population census. http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/pcsj/rkpc/6rp/indexch.htm. Accessed 14 Feb 2018 (in Chinese).

National Bureau of Statistics of China. 2016. China statistical yearbook 2016. http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/ndsj/2016/indexch.htm. Accessed 14 Feb 2018 (in Chinese).

National Bureau of Statistics of China. 2017. China statistical yearbook 2017. http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/ndsj/2017/indexch.htm. Accessed 14 Feb 2018 (in Chinese).

NDRC (National Development and Reform Commission). 2013. Rural infrastructure development report (2013). http://njs.ndrc.gov.cn/tzzn/201504/W020150401347572595490.doc. Accessed 14 Feb 2018 (in Chinese).

NHFPC (National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People’s Republic of China). 2016. China health and family planning statistical yearbook 2016. Beijing: Peking Union Medical College Press (in Chinese).

Ning, Y., M.X. Tao, J.F. Hu, Y.B. Li, Y.L. Cheng, G. Zhang, T. Hu, and L. Li, et al. 2013. Status of household disaster preparedness and affecting factors among the general public of four counties in Shaanxi. Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine 47(4): 347–351 (in Chinese).

Pickering, C.J., T.L. O’Sullivan, A. Morris, C. Mark, D. McQuirk, E.Y. Chan, E. Guy, G.K. Chan, et al. 2018. The promotion of ‘Grab Bags’ as a disaster risk reduction strategy. PLoS Currents. https://doi.org/10.1371/currents.dis.223ac4322834aa0bb0d6824ee424e7f8.

State Council. 2006. Several opinions of the state council on settling issues on rural migrant workers. http://www.gov.cn/gongbao/content/2006/content_244909.htm. Accessed 14 Feb 2018 (in Chinese).

Statistical Bureau of Sichuan. 2012. Sichuan statistical yearbook 2012. http://www.sc.stats.gov.cn/tjcbw/tjnj/2012/index.htm. Accessed 14 Feb 2018 (in Chinese).

Statistical Bureau of Sichuan. 2015. Sichuan statistical yearbook 2015. http://www.sc.stats.gov.cn/tjcbw/tjnj/2015/index.htm. Accessed 14 Feb 2018 (in Chinese).

Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention. 2018. Population health status and key diseases in Sichuan province 2017. http://www.sccdpc.gov.cn/View.aspx?id=15534. Accessed 14 Feb 2018 (in Chinese).

The Sphere Project. 2011. The Sphere project: humanitarian charter and minimum standards in humanitarian response. http://ocw.jhsph.edu/courses/RefugeeHealthCare/PDFs/SphereProjectHandbook.pdf. Accessed 13 Sept 2018.

Tian, L., S. Tang, W. Cao, K. Zhang, V. Li, and R. Detels. 2007. Evaluation of a web-based intervention for improving HIV/AIDS knowledge in rural Yunnan, China. Aids 21(Suppl 8): S137–S142.

UN (United Nations). 2015. Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 25 September 2015: A/RES/70/1—transforming our world: the 2030 agenda for sustainable development. http://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/RES/70/1&Lang=E. Accessed 15 Aug 2018.

UNISDR (United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction). 2015. Sendai framework for disaster risk reduction. https://www.unisdr.org/we/coordinate/sendai-framework. Accessed 15 Aug 2018.

Verma, R., K.S. Vinoda, M. Papireddy, A.N. Gowda. 2016. Toxic pollutants from plastic waste—a review. Procedia Environmental Sciences 35: 701–708.

Wang, H. 2002. Predictors of health promotion lifestyle among three ethnic groups of elderly rural women in Taiwan. Public Health Nursing 16(5): 321–328.

Wang, L. 2005. Comprehensive report, Chinese nutrition and health survey in 2002. Beijing: People’s Medical Publishing House (in Chinese).

Wang, X., L. Gao, H. Zhang, C. Zhao, Y. Shen, and N. Shinfuku. 2000. Post-earthquake quality of life and psychological well-being: longitudinal evaluation in a rural community sample in northern China. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 54(4): 427–433.

WHO (World Health Organization). 2006. Oral rehydration salts: production of the new ORS. http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/69227/WHO_FCH_CAH_06.1.pdf?sequence=1. Accessed 14 Feb 2018.

WHO (World Health Organization). 2008. WHO position paper on oral rehydration salts to reduce mortality from cholera. http://www.who.int/cholera/technical/ORSRecommendationsForUseAtHomeDec2008.pdf. Accessed 14 Feb 2018.

WHO (World Health Organization). 2013. Emergency risk management for health overview. http://www.who.int/hac/techguidance/preparedness/risk_management_overview_17may2013.pdf. Accessed 14 Feb 2018.

World Bank. 2005. Waste management in China: issues and recommendations. Urban development working papers 9. http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTEAPREGTOPURBDEV/Resources/China-Waste-Management1.pdf. Accessed 14 Feb 2018.

Wu, G., Z. Han, W. Xu, and Y. Gong. 2018. Mapping individuals’ earthquake preparedness in China. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 18(5): 1315–1325.

Xu, D., L. Peng, S. Liu, and X. Wang. 2018. Influences of risk perception and sense of place on landslide disaster preparedness in southwestern China. International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 9(2): 1–14.

Xu, J., and Y. Lu. 2013. A comparative study on the national counterpart aid model for post-disaster recovery and reconstruction: 2008 Wenchuan earthquake as a case. Disaster Prevention and Management 22(1): 75–93.

Xu, L.S., B.J. Pan, J.X. Lin, L.P. Chen, S.H. Yu, and J. Jack. 2000. Creating health-promoting schools in rural China: a project started from deworming. Health Promotion International 15(3): 197–206.

Yang, D. 2010. The China environment yearbook, volume 4 tragedy and hope—from the Sichuan earthquake to the olympics. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill.

Zhai, F.Y., S.F. Du, Z.H. Wang, J.G. Zhang, W.W. Du, and B.M. Popkin. 2014. Dynamics of the Chinese diet and the role of urbanicity, 1991–2011. Obesity Reviews 15(S1): 16–26.

Relative Articles

Supplements(0)

Cited By

Proportional views