Revisiting Emergency Food Reserve Policy and Practice under Disaster and Extreme Climate Events

Jonatan A. Lassa; Paul Teng; Mely Caballero-Anthony; Maxim Shrestha

doi:10.1007/s13753-018-0200-y

Article Contents

Article Navigation > International Journal of Disaster Risk Science > 2019 > 10(1): 1-13

Jonatan A. Lassa, Paul Teng, Mely Caballero-Anthony, Maxim Shrestha. Revisiting Emergency Food Reserve Policy and Practice under Disaster and Extreme Climate Events[J]. International Journal of Disaster Risk Science, 2019, 10(1): 1-13. doi: 10.1007/s13753-018-0200-y

Citation:

Jonatan A. Lassa, Paul Teng, Mely Caballero-Anthony, Maxim Shrestha. Revisiting Emergency Food Reserve Policy and Practice under Disaster and Extreme Climate Events[J]. International Journal of Disaster Risk Science, 2019, 10(1): 1-13. doi: 10.1007/s13753-018-0200-y

Citation:

PDF

Revisiting Emergency Food Reserve Policy and Practice under Disaster and Extreme Climate Events

doi: 10.1007/s13753-018-0200-y

1 Emergency and Disaster Management Studies, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT 0909, Australia;
2 Natural Sciences and Science Education, National Institute of Education, Singapore 637616, Singapore;
3 Centre for Non-Traditional Security Studies, S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies(RSIS), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore

Available Online: 2021-04-26

Abstract

Abstract

All food systems will continue to be affected by disasters and extreme climate events. Triggered by recent food crises around the world and climate change concerns, some governments have been trying to develop more robust and resilient food systems. One of the oldest options for many governments is to stockpile emergency food reserves for the purpose of food security and disaster preparedness. In the aftermath of the world food price crises in 2007-2008 and 2011, some governments in Asia have been maintaining emergency food reserves to ensure greater supply and price stability. Disasters and extreme climate events help governments to justify emergency food reserves. This research examined emergency food reserve policies in Indonesia, the Philippines, and Malaysia. Emergency food reserves emerged as a practice where the shared objectives of development, disaster risk reduction, and climate change adaptation have been demonstrated by governments. The findings suggest that most governments maintain the strong view that adequate emergency food reserves can buffer national food price shocks and shocks from disasters and climate change, and soften disruptions in trade due to export bans during times of disasters and climate emergencies.
- Climate change adaptation,
- Disaster preparedness,
- Emergency food reserves,
- Food security,
- Food stockpiling,
- Southeast Asia

FullText(HTML)

References(55)

References

AFSIS (ASEAN Food Security Information System). 2017. The ASEAN plus three food security information system. http://www.aptfsis.org/aboutUs. Accessed 30 Nov 2017.

APTERR (ASEAN Plus Three Emergency Rice Reserve). 2017. ASEAN plus three emergency rice reserve. http://www.apterr.org/what-is-apterr. Accessed 30 Nov 2018.

ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations). 1979. Agreement on the ASEAN food security reserve. New York, 4 October 1979.

Baum, S.D., D.C. Dankenberger, J.M. Pearce, A. Robock, and R. Winkler. 2015. Resilience to global food supply catastrophes. Environment Systems and Decisions 35(2):301-313.

Bigman, D., and S. Reutlinger. 1979. Food price and supply stabilization:National buffer stocks and trade policies. American Journal of Agricultural Economics 61(4):159-163.

Brennan, D. 2003. Price dynamics in the Bangladesh rice market:Implications for public intervention. Agricultural Economics 29(1):15-25.

Briones, R.M., A. Durand-Morat, E.J. Wailes, and E.C. Chavez. 2012. Climate change and price volatility:Can we count on the ASEAN plus three emergency rice reserve? ADB Sustainable development working paper series no. 24. Manila:Asian Development Bank.

Brolley, M. 2015. Al Schmidley:Rice security is food security for much of the world. Rice Today, 6 October 2015. http://ricetoday.irri.org/al-schmidley-rice-security-is-food-security-for-much-of-the-world/. Accessed 29 Nov 2018.

BULOG (Bureau of Logistics). 2009. The role of rice reserve agency in strengthening national and regional food security. In Presentation at the ASEAN regional workshop, 8 May 2009, Jakarta, Indonesia.

Caballero-Anthony, M., P. Teng, J. Lassa, T. Nair, and M. Shrestha. 2016. Public stockpiling of rice in Asia Pacific. NTS report No. 3, April 2016. Singapore:S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies, Nanyang Technological University. https://www.rsis.edu.sg/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/NTS-Report-No-3-11April2016.pdf. Accessed 29 Nov 2018.

Caballero-Anthony, M., P.S. Teng, M. Shrestha, T. Nair, and J.A. Lassa. 2015. Public stockpiling and food security. Policy Brief, May 2015. Singapore:S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies, Nanyang Technological University. https://www.rsis.edu.sg/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/PB150603_Public-Stockpiling.pdf. Accessed 29 Nov 2018.

Dawe, D. 1995. The Macroeconomic benefits of stabilizing food prices. The Indonesian Food Journal 5(10):43-64.

Dawe, D., and T. Slayton. 2010. The word rice market crisis of 2007-2008. In The rice crisis:Markets, policies and food security, ed. D. Dawe, 15-28. Rome and Washington, DC:FAO and Earthscan.

Dorosh, P.A. 2009. Price stabilization, international trade and national cereal stocks:World price shocks and policy response in South Asia. Food Security 1(2):137-149.

Fan, S., and J. Brzeska. 2014. Building a resilient global food system by lowering food price spikes and volatility. In Conference Brief 16. Building resilience for food and nutrition security 2020, 17-19 May 2014, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/2020resilienceconfbr16.pdf. Accessed 30 Nov 2017.

FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations). 2003. Trade reforms and food security:Conceptualizing the linkages. Rome:FAO.

Federal Civil Defense Administrator. 1952. Home food reserves for emergency use. The American Journal of Nursing 52(1):54.

Gardner, B.L. 1979. Optimal stockpiling of grain. Toronto:Lexington.

Gilbert, C.L. 2011. Food reserves in developing countries:Trade policy options for improved food security. Issue paper no. 37. Geneva:International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development.

Hadley, D.D., and S. Fan. 2010. Reflections on the global food crisis:How did it happen? How has it hurt? And how can we prevent the next one? Washington, DC:International Food Policy Research Institute.

Hawkes, N. 1974. World food conference:Amid politicking, some progress. Science 186 (4167):905-908.

Hossain, M., and U. Deb. 2010.Volatility in rice prices and policy responses in Bangladesh. In The rice crisis:Markets, policies and food security, ed. D. Dawe, 92-108. Rome and Washington, DC:FAO and Earthscan.

Lassa, J.A., and M. Shrestha. 2014. WTO breakthrough on stockpiles:Sustaining food security. Commentary No. 245. Singapore:S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies, Nanyang Technological University. https://www.rsis.edu.sg/rsis-publication/nts/co14245-wto-breakthrough-on-stockpiles-sustaining-food-security/#.W_XDnWzQZPY. Accessed 29 Nov 2018.

Lassa, J., A. Lai, and T. Goh. 2016. Climate extremes:An observation and projection of its impacts on food production in ASEAN. Natural Hazard 84(S1):19-33.

Massell, B.F. 1969. Price stabilization and welfare. Quarterly Journal of Economics 83(2):284-298.

Nakuja, T., and W.A. Kerr. 2018a. Do WTO commitments restrict the policy space of countries wishing to provide food security through stockholding programs? Journal of World Trade 52(6):967-993.

Nakuja, T., and W.A. Kerr. 2018b. Food security though public stockholdings and trade distortions. British Food Journal 120(5):1089-1105.

Nozue, M., K. Ishikawa-Takata, N. Sarukura, K. Sako, and N. Tsuboyama-Kasaoka. 2014. Stockpiles and food availability in feeding facilities after the Great East Japan Earthquake. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition 23(2):321-330.

Orford, A. 2015. Food security, free trade and the battle for the state. Journal of International Law and International Relations 11(2):1-67.

Porter, R.S. 1950. Buffer stocks and economic stability. Oxford Economic Papers, New Series 2(1):95-118.

Porter, J.R., L. Xie, A.J. Challinor, K. Cochrane, S.M. Howden, M.M. Iqbal, D.B. Lobell, and M.I. Travasso. 2014. Food security and food production systems. In Climate change 2014:Impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability. Part A:Global and sectoral aspects. Contribution of working group II to the fifth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, ed. CB. Field, V.R. Barros, D.J. Dokken, K.J. Mach, M.D. Mastrandrea, T.E. Bilir, M. Chatterjee, K.L. Ebi, et al., 485-533. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.

Saifulah, A. 2010. Indonesia's rice policy and price stabilization programme:Managing domestic prices during the 2008 crisis. In The rice crisis:Markets, policies and food security, ed. D. Dawe, 109-122. Rome and Washington, DC:FAO and Earthscan.

Saini, S., and A. Gulati. 2016. India's food security policies in the wake of global food price volatility. In Food price volatility and its implications for food security and policy, ed. M. Kalkuhl, J. von Braun, and M. Torero, 331-352. Berlin:Springer.

Sen, A. 1981. Poverty and famines:An essay of entitlement and deprivation. Oxford:Clarendon Press.

Sombilla, M.A., F.A. Lantican, and J.C. Beltran. 2006. Marketing and distribution in Balisacan. In Securing rice, reducing poverty:Challenges and policy directions, ed. M.A. Balisacan and Associates, 213-238. Southeast Asian Regional Center for Graduate Study and Resarch in Agriculture, Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines.

Teng, P., M. Caballero-Anthony, and J.A. Lassa. 2016. The future of rice security under climate change. NTS report No. 4, July 2016. Singapore:S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies, Nanyang Technological University. https://www.rsis.edu.sg/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/NTS-Report4-July2016-ClimateChangeAndRice.pdf. Accessed 29 Nov 2018.

Timmer, P.C. 1975. The political economy of rice in Asia:Indonesia. Food Research Institute Studies 14(3):197-231.

Timmer, P.C. 2010. Reflections on food crises past. Food Policy 35(1):1-11.

TN2PK (National Team for the Acceleration of Poverty Reduction). 2015. RASKIN:The challenge of improving programme effectiveness. Office of the Vice President of the Republic of Indonesia. http://www.tnp2k.go.id/images/uploads/downloads/TNP2K%20Report%20Raskin%20the%20challenge%20of%20improving%20programme%20effectiveness.pdf. Accessed 29 Nov 2018.

von Braun, J. 2009. Addressing the food crisis:Governance, market functioning, and investment in public goods. Food Security 1(1):9-15.

Vu, T. 2003. Of rice and revolution:The politics of provisioning and state-society relations on Java, 1945-49. South East Asia Research 11(3):237-267.

Welton, G. 2011. The impact of Russia's 2011 grain export ban. Oxfam research report 28 June 2011. https://www.oxfam.org/sites/www.oxfam.org/files/rr-impact-russias-grain-export-ban-280611-en.pdf. Accessed 30 Apr 2018.

World Bank. 2012. Using public food grain stocks to enhance food security. Washington, DC:World Bank.

WFP (World Food Program). 2018. UN humanitarian response depot. http://www1.wfp.org/unhrd. Accessed 29 Nov 2018.

Wright, B., and C. Cafiero. 2011. Grain reserves and food security in the Middle East and North Africa. Food Security 3(1):S61-S71.

Arshad, F.M. (Director). 2014. Personal interview with M. Shrestha, Institute of Agricultural and Food Policy Studies, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Malaysia, 23 September 2014.

Dillon, H.S., and M. Rantetana (Chief and advisor). 2014. Personal discussion with J.A. Lassa and M. Shrestha, Office of the Presidential Special Envoy for Poverty Reduction, Jakarta, Indonesia, 8 September 2014.

Ghazali (Lecturer). 2014. Personal interview with M. Shrestha, Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), National University of Malaysia (UKM), Malaysia, 22 September 2014.

Jeamchareon, M. (Director). 2014. Personal interview with J.A. Lassa, ASEAN Food Security Information System (AFSIS) Office, Bangkok, Thailand, 13 August 2014.

Lantican, F.A. (Professor). 2014. Personal interview with J.A. Lassa and M. Shrestha, University of the Philippines Los Banos, the Philippines, 18 September 2014.

Panglinan, F. (Chairperson). 2014. Personal interview with J.A. Lassa and M. Shrestha, National Food Authority, Quezon City, Manila, 14 November 2014.

Saifulah, A. (Senior staff). 2014. Personal interview with J.A. Lassa and M. Shrestha, Bureau of Logistics (BULOG) Office, Jakarta, Indonesia, 10 September 2014.

Salimi, M.B.S. (Senior staff). 2014. Personal interview with M. Shrestha, Strategic Planning and International Division, Ministry of Agriculture, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 24 September 2014.

Saengbangka, W. (Executive director). 2014. Personal interview with J.A. Lassa, ASEAN Plus Three Emergency Rice Reserve (APTERR) Secretariat, Bangkok, Thailand, 13 September 2014.

Suryana, A. (Senior researcher). 2014. Personal interview with J.A. Lassa and M. Shrestha, Minister of Agriculture, Bogor Office, Indonesia, 11 September 2014.

Relative Articles

Supplements(0)

Cited By

Proportional views