Enhancing Road Drainage Systems for Extreme Storms: Integration of a High-Precision Flow Diversion Module into SWMM Code

Yuting Ren; Zhiyu Shao; Qi Zhang; Wang Feng; Lei Xu; Huafeng Gong; Scott Yost; Lei Chen; Hongxiang Chai

doi:10.1007/s13753-024-00594-2

Volume 15 Issue 5

Oct. 2024

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > International Journal of Disaster Risk Science > 2024 > 15(5): 789-802

Yuting Ren, Zhiyu Shao, Qi Zhang, Wang Feng, Lei Xu, Huafeng Gong, Scott Yost, Lei Chen, Hongxiang Chai. Enhancing Road Drainage Systems for Extreme Storms: Integration of a High-Precision Flow Diversion Module into SWMM Code[J]. International Journal of Disaster Risk Science, 2024, 15(5): 789-802. doi: 10.1007/s13753-024-00594-2

Citation:

Yuting Ren, Zhiyu Shao, Qi Zhang, Wang Feng, Lei Xu, Huafeng Gong, Scott Yost, Lei Chen, Hongxiang Chai. Enhancing Road Drainage Systems for Extreme Storms: Integration of a High-Precision Flow Diversion Module into SWMM Code[J]. International Journal of Disaster Risk Science, 2024, 15(5): 789-802. doi: 10.1007/s13753-024-00594-2

Citation:

Yuting Ren, Zhiyu Shao, Qi Zhang, Wang Feng, Lei Xu, Huafeng Gong, Scott Yost, Lei Chen, Hongxiang Chai. Enhancing Road Drainage Systems for Extreme Storms: Integration of a High-Precision Flow Diversion Module into SWMM Code[J]. International Journal of Disaster Risk Science, 2024, 15(5): 789-802. doi: 10.1007/s13753-024-00594-2

PDF

Enhancing Road Drainage Systems for Extreme Storms: Integration of a High-Precision Flow Diversion Module into SWMM Code

doi: 10.1007/s13753-024-00594-2

Yuting Ren^1,2,
Zhiyu Shao^{1,2
,
,},
Qi Zhang^1,2,
Wang Feng^1,2,
Lei Xu^1,2,
Huafeng Gong³,
Scott Yost⁴,
Lei Chen^1,2,
Hongxiang Chai^1,2

1. Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment of Ministry of Education of Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China;
2. College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China;
3. T. Y. Lin International Engineering Consulting (China) Co. Ltd, Chongqing, 400045, China;
4. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA

Funds:

This research work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) General Program (Grant No. 52070027). We also acknowledge the support of Creative Research Groups in Colleges and Universities of Chongqing (No. CXQT21001, Water Environment Protection and Management in Mountainous City) and Graduate Student Supervisors Team of Chongqing (Water Environment Protection and Management).

Accepted Date: 2024-10-11

Available Online: 2024-12-07

Publish Date: 2024-11-07

Abstract

Abstract

Urban road networks function as surface passage for floodwater transport during extreme storm events to reduce potential risks in the city. However, precise estimation of these flow rates presents a significant challenge. This difficulty primarily stems from the intricate three-dimensional flow fields at road intersections, which the traditional one-dimensional models, such as Storm Water Management Model (SWMM), fail to precisely capture. The two-dimensional and three-dimensional hydraulic models are overly complex and computationally intensive and thus not particularly efficient. This study addresses these issues by integrating a semiempirical flow diversion formula into the SWMM source code. The semiempirical formula, derived from hydraulic experiments and computational fluid dynamics simulations, captures the flow dynamics at T-shaped intersections. The modified SWMM’s performance was evaluated against experimental data, and the original SWMM, the two-dimensional MIKE21, and the three-dimensional FLUENT models. The results indicate that the modified SWMM matches the precision of the two-dimensional MIKE21, while significantly reducing computational time. Compared to MIKE21, this study achieved a Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency of 0.9729 and a root mean square error of 0.042, with computational time reduced by 99%. The modified SWMM is suitable for real-sized urban road networks. It provides a high-precision tool for urban road drainage system computation that is crucial for effective stormwater management.
- Extreme storms,
- Major drainage system,
- Road intersection,
- SWMM (Storm Water Management Model),
- Urban road flooding

FullText(HTML)

References(32)

References

[1]	Bruwier, M., C. Maravat, A. Mustafa, J. Teller, M. Pirotton, S. Erpicum, P. Archambeau, and B. Dewals. 2020. Influence of urban forms on surface flow in urban pluvial flooding. Journal of Hydrology 582: Article 124493.
[2]	Chang, T., C.-H. Wang, A.S. Chen, and S. Djordjević. 2018. The effect of inclusion of inlets in dual drainage modelling. Journal of Hydrology 559: 541-555.
[3]	Ding, W., J. Wu, R. Tang, X. Chen, and Y. Xu. 2022. A review of flood risk in China during 1950-2019: Urbanization, socioeconomic impact trends and flood risk management. Water 14(20): Article 3246.
[4]	Dong, B., J. Xia, Q. Li, and M. Zhou. 2022. Risk assessment for people and vehicles in an extreme urban flood: Case study of the flood event in Zhengzhou, China. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 80: 103205.
[5]	Dong, B., J. Xia, M. Zhou, Q. Li, R. Ahmadian, and R.A. Falconer. 2022. Integrated modeling of 2D urban surface and 1D sewer hydrodynamic processes and flood risk assessment of people and vehicles. Science of the Total Environment 827: Article 154098.
[6]	Feng, W., Z. Shao, H. Gong, L. Xu, S.A. Yost, H. Ma, and H. Chai. 2022. Experimental and numerical investigation of flow distribution pattern at a T-shape roadway crossing under extreme storms. Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics 16(1): 2286-2300.
[7]	Guo, K., M. Guan, and H. Yan. 2023. Utilising social media data to evaluate urban flood impact in data scarce cities. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 93: Article 103780.
[8]	Haider, S., H.F. Gabriel, and A. Mubeen. 2019. Flow division at a free-surface, three-channel intersection using 1D shallow water equations. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering 44: 8489-8501.
[9]	Hsu, P., J. Xie, J.-Y. Lee, Z. Zhu, Y. Li, B. Chen, and S. Zhang. 2023. Multiscale interactions driving the devastating floods in Henan Province, China during July 2021. Weather and Climate Extremes 39: Article 100541.
[10]	Iphineni, H., B. Windén, and S.S. Girimaji. 2024. Toward high-fidelity numerical wave tank development: Scale resolving partially-averaged Navier-Stokes simulations of dam-break flow. Ocean Engineering 291: Article 116407.
[11]	Kramer, M., K. Terheiden, and S. Wieprecht. 2016. Safety criteria for the trafficability of inundated roads in urban floodings. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 17: 77-84.
[12]	Lakshman Rao, P., B. Sree Sai Prasad, A. Sharma, and K.K. Khatua. 2022. Experimental and numerical analysis of velocity distribution in a compound meandering channel with double layered rigid vegetated flood plains. Flow Measurement and Instrumentation 83: Article 102111.
[13]	Liu, C., C. Liu, W. Li, C. Zhao, T. Xie, S. Jian, Q. Wu, and Y. Xu. 2023. BK-SWMM flood simulation framework is being proposed for urban storm flood modeling based on uncertainty parameter crowdsourcing data from a single functional region. Journal of Environmental Management 344: Article 118482.
[14]	Lu, Y., Y. Wang, and L. Zhang. 2023. System dynamic modeling of the NGO post-disaster relief contribution in the 2021 Henan flood in China. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 89: Article 103626.
[15]	Mejía-Morales, M.A., E. Mignot, A. Paquier, D. Sigaud, and S. Proust. 2021. Impact of the porosity of an urban block on the flood risk assessment: A laboratory experiment. Journal of Hydrology 602: Article 126715.
[16]	Michelazzo, G., H. Oumeraci, and E. Paris. 2015. Laboratory study on 3D flow structures induced by zero-height side weir and implications for 1D modeling. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 141(10): 1-11.
[17]	Mignot, E., N. Rivière, R. Perkins, and A. Paquier. 2008. Flow patterns in a four-branch junction with supercritical flow. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 134(6): 701-713.
[18]	MOHURD (Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development). 2018. Technical code for urban road engineering. Beijing: MOHURD.
[19]	Nanía, L.S., M. Gómez, and J. Dolz. 2004. Experimental study of the dividing flow in steep street crossings. Journal of Hydraulic Research 42(4): 406-412.
[20]	Nanía, L.S., R. Gonzalo, and M. Gómez. 2014. Influence of channel width on flow distribution in four-branch junctions with supercritical flow: Experimental approach. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 140(1): 77-88.
[21]	Neary, V.S., and A.J. Odgaard. 1993. Three-dimensional flow structure at open-channel diversions. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 119(11): 1223-1230.
[22]	Riviere, N., R.J. Perkins, B. Chocat, and A. Lecus. 2006. Flooding flows in city crossroads: Experiments and 1-D modelling. Water Science and Technology 54(6-7): 75-82.
[23]	Riviere, N., G. Travin, and R.J. Perkins. 2014. Transcritical flows in three and four branch open-channel intersections. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 140(4): Article 04014003.
[24]	Shan, X., P. Scussolini, J. Wang, M. Li, J. Wen, and L. Wang. 2023. Deficiency of healthcare accessibility of elderly people exposed to future extreme coastal floods: A case study of Shanghai, China. International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 14(5): 840-857.
[25]	Shettar, A.S., and K. Keshava Murthy. 1996. A numerical study of division of flow in open channels. Journal of Hydraulic Research 34(5): 651-675.
[26]	Spencer, N. 2023. Wind and water: How extreme weather conditions impact residential real estate in developing countries. International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 14(5): 813-821.
[27]	Sun, A., Y. Huang, and C. Huang. 2024. Cascading failure mechanism of major drainage system in mountainous city: Taking the basin of the main urban area of Chongqing as an example. China. Ecological Indicators 158: Article 111353.
[28]	Torres, M.A., J.F. Chávez-Cifuentes, and E. Reinoso. 2022. A conceptual flood model based on cellular automata for probabilistic risk applications. Environmental Modelling & Software 157: Article 105530.
[29]	Wang, P., L. He, and Y. Liu. 2020. Acoustics-driven vortex dynamics in channel branches with round intersections: Flow mode transition and three-dimensionality. Physics of Fluids 32(2): Article 025101.
[30]	Yadav, N., J. Wu, A. Banerjee, S. Pathak, R.D. Garg, and S. Yao. 2024. Climate uncertainty and vulnerability of urban flooding associated with regional risk using multi-criteria analysis in Mumbai. India. Environmental Research 244: Article 117962.
[31]	Yang, L., J. Li, A. Kang, S. Li, and P. Feng. 2020. The effect of nonstationarity in rainfall on urban flooding based on coupling SWMM and MIKE21. Water Resources Management 34(4): 1535-1551.
[32]	Zhang, J., X. Yang, G. Fan, H. Li, and J. Zhou. 2024. Physical and numerical modeling of a landslide dam breach and flood routing process. Journal of Hydrology 628: Article 130552.