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Article Navigation >  International Journal of Disaster Risk Science  > 2018  >  9(3): 344-358
Johnrev Guilaran, Ian de Terte, Krzysztof Kaniasty, Christine Stephens. Psychological Outcomes in Disaster Responders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Effect of Social Support[J]. International Journal of Disaster Risk Science, 2018, 9(3): 344-358. doi: 10.1007/s13753-018-0184-7
Citation: Johnrev Guilaran, Ian de Terte, Krzysztof Kaniasty, Christine Stephens. Psychological Outcomes in Disaster Responders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Effect of Social Support[J]. International Journal of Disaster Risk Science, 2018, 9(3): 344-358. doi: 10.1007/s13753-018-0184-7
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Psychological Outcomes in Disaster Responders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Effect of Social Support

doi: 10.1007/s13753-018-0184-7

  • 1 School of Psychology, Massey University, Wellington 6021, New Zealand;

  • 2 Division of Social Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, Miagao, Iloilo 5023, Philippines;

  • 3 Department of Psychology, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Indiana, PA 15705, USA;

  • 4 Polish Academy of Sciences, 00-378 Warsaw, Poland;

  • 5 School of Psychology, Massey University, Palmerston North 4474, New Zealand

  • Available Online: 2021-04-26
    Abstract
  • Disaster response work is associated with various psychological outcomes. In post-disaster conditions, social support is generally observed to impact mental health, particularly for survivors. This review was conducted to survey the extent of social support effectiveness on disaster responder groups. Published quantitative social support studies on police, emergency medical responders, rescue and recovery workers, firefighters, and military responders were searched in various academic databases using keyword searches, a reference list search, and a citation search that resulted in 24 studies with 90 effect sizes being included in the final data base. Articles were coded and effect sizes were averaged using the Hedges–Vevea Random Effects model. Nineteen categories of psychological outcomes (for example, anxiety, depression, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and psychological distress) and eight classifications of support were coded. Social support was found to be associated with anxiety, burnout, depression, job control, job satisfaction, psychological distress, turnover intentions, and work engagement, with mean effect sizes from − 0.36 to 0.57. Most studies measured perceived social support and negative outcomes. Social support correlated with outcomes in police responders and rescue and recovery workers. This review discusses the breadth of effect of social support, as well as other elements, such as temporal factors, that may affect the effectiveness of social support in disaster responders.
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