Spatiotemporal Changes of Hazard Intensity-Adjusted Population Exposure to Multiple Hazards in Tibet During 1982-2015

Anyu Zhang; Jingai Wang; Yao Jiang; Yanqiang Chen; Peijun Shi

doi:10.1007/s13753-018-0194-5

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Article Navigation > International Journal of Disaster Risk Science > 2018 > 6(4): 541-554

Anyu Zhang, Jingai Wang, Yao Jiang, Yanqiang Chen, Peijun Shi. Spatiotemporal Changes of Hazard Intensity-Adjusted Population Exposure to Multiple Hazards in Tibet During 1982-2015[J]. International Journal of Disaster Risk Science, 2018, 6(4): 541-554. doi: 10.1007/s13753-018-0194-5

Citation:

Anyu Zhang, Jingai Wang, Yao Jiang, Yanqiang Chen, Peijun Shi. Spatiotemporal Changes of Hazard Intensity-Adjusted Population Exposure to Multiple Hazards in Tibet During 1982-2015[J]. International Journal of Disaster Risk Science, 2018, 6(4): 541-554. doi: 10.1007/s13753-018-0194-5

Citation:

Anyu Zhang, Jingai Wang, Yao Jiang, Yanqiang Chen, Peijun Shi. Spatiotemporal Changes of Hazard Intensity-Adjusted Population Exposure to Multiple Hazards in Tibet During 1982-2015[J]. International Journal of Disaster Risk Science, 2018, 6(4): 541-554. doi: 10.1007/s13753-018-0194-5

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Spatiotemporal Changes of Hazard Intensity-Adjusted Population Exposure to Multiple Hazards in Tibet During 1982-2015

doi: 10.1007/s13753-018-0194-5

Anyu Zhang^1,2,3,
Jingai Wang^1,2,3,
Yao Jiang^1,2,3,
Yanqiang Chen^2,4,
Peijun Shi^1,2,3,4,5

1 Key Laboratory of Environmental Evolution and Natural Disaster, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;
2 Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;
3 Key Laboratory of Regional Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;
4 State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;
5 Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, Qinghai, China

Funds:

Financial support from the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDA20000000), the National Key Research & Development program of China (Grant No. 2016YFA0602404), and the Program of Introducing Talent to Universities (111 Project, Grant No. B08008) are highly appreciated.

Available Online: 2021-04-26

Abstract

Abstract

The dynamic changes of population exposure to hazards in high-altitude areas are an important factor in the scientific evaluation of environmental risks. In this study, the hazards of hypoxia, earthquakes, and snowstorms in Tibet were respectively described by the percentage of oxygen at sea level, earthquake intensity, and mean annual maximum snow depth. The rates of population affected by hypoxia, earthquakes, and snowstorms were calculated by chronic mountain sickness and historical disaster data. Based on these, the study examined the change in population exposure to the three hazards and their combinations by hazard intensity level at the 1 km×1 km grid scale in 1982–2015. The results show that population exposures to hypoxia, earthquakes, and snowstorms were about 745 thousand, 97 thousand, and 168 thousand in 2015, respectively, among a total population in Tibet of 3.24 million. These exposures were mainly concentrated in the 3400–5000 m above sea level zone. The population exposed to hypoxia and earthquakes showed a rising trend from 1982 to 2015, while the population exposed to snowstorms decreased after 2000 due to reduced snowstorm intensity. Hypoxia-earthquake and hypoxia-snowstorm are the main multiple hazard combinations that people in Tibet suffered from and their person·time exposures were estimated at around 842 thousand and 913 thousand in 2015, respectively, with an average annual increase of 1.7% and 1.3%. Hypoxia is the most important health risk in Tibet. The areas of high person·time exposure to multiple hazards of hypoxia-earthquake-snowstorm are the key areas for strengthening integrated risk governance.
- Earthquake,
- High altitude,
- Hypoxia,
- Population exposure,
- Snowstorm,
- Tibet

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References(47)

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